Direct Injection SBC

[Tru2Chevy]

http://www.gminsidenews.com/forums/s...ad.php?t=54138

GM Reveals Small-Block V-8 with Direct Injection - wardsauto.com
By Mike Sutton
Aug. 29, 2007
MILFORD, MI – Although General Motors Corp. is dividing its resources to cover all fronts of advanced powertrain development, the future of the auto maker’s foundation OHV small-block V-8 architecture appears secure with the advent of direct-injection gasoline (DIG) technology.

Among the various exhibits of engineering bravado on display at the auto maker’s proving grounds here, including two-mode hybrid-electric drivetrains, ultra-clean turbodiesels and homogeneous charge compression ignition flex-fuel engines, a seemingly untouched Cadillac Escalade stands out.

Emblazoned with giant E85 banners down its flanks, there is little to indicate the industry’s first OHV V-8 with DIG fueling lurks beneath the SUV’s pearl white hood.

The experimental engine is based on GM’s current all-aluminum Gen IV 6.2L V-8 (L92) found in the Escalade, GMC Yukon Denali and Hummer H2. Depending on the application, the powerplant, which sports port fuel injection, variable valve timing (VVT) and dual-cam phasing, is rated between 380-403 hp in stock form.

However, with a little tweaking to accommodate the auto industry’s latest fuel-injection hardware, the prototype V-8 is producing “well north of 450 hp (on gasoline),” says Dave Sczomak, development engineer-GM Powertrain Advanced Engineering.
Running the engine on E85 ethanol allows for even more power to be coaxed from the big V-8, he adds, noting the 85%/15% ethanol/gasoline mix generally carries a race fuel-like 106 octane rating.

Cruising the web of test roads onsite, the Escalade motors along smoothly with a characteristic large-displacement V-8 burble. However, mashing the gas from a standstill produces a wave of power that propels the big truck at a noticeably more rapid pace than the production version.

Along with the substantial increase in horsepower, DIG also contributes to about a 10% increase in low-end torque, Sczomak says. In addition, fuel economy is moderately improved (3-6%), as are cold-start emissions of hydrocarbons.

To accommodate the DIG fueling system, GM redesigned the L92 cylinder heads, rearranging the intake ports to make room for the eight high-pressure injectors that squirt fuel directly into the side of the combustion chamber at 2,250 psi (155 bar).
New dished pistons – similar to a diesel’s – were installed for added clearance of the injectors. They also contribute to a greater compression ratio (11.5:1 vs. 10.5:1), which can be employed because of the high-octane composition of E85 and the knock-reducing cooling effect of introducing fuel directly into the cylinder.

A modified engine controller manages the engine’s operation, while VVT and Active Fuel Management cylinder deactivation contribute to efficiency and refinement.

The development sounds like a no-brainer for improving nearly every aspect of the near-60-year-old small block’s performance.
However, Tom Stephens, group vice president-GM Powertrain and Quality, notes introducing a production DIG small block would “require the next-generation architecture” of the engine, or Gen V.

This primarily is due to the huge volumes of V-8 engines GM produces, Sczomak says, noting a radical change in cylinder-head design, for example, becomes a monumental undertaking when taking into account GM’s annual build of more than 1 million small block V-8s.

Fortunately, timing is on the auto maker’s side. The recent introduction of the ’08 Corvette’s 430-hp LS3 V-8, along with the release later this year of the ’08 Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid’s 6.0L V-8, represent the last editions of the Gen IV engine family, Stephens says.

All subsequent introductions will be of the Gen V architecture and could have DIG fueling integrated from the ground up, especially considering the refinement of the current test engine’s operation. The greater specific output provided by DIG also would allow for greater engine downsizing, thereby improving fuel economy even further.

“GM would want to introduce this (DIG) on a high-profile vehicle, such as the new (Chevrolet) Camaro or (rear-wheel-drive) Impala,” Global Insight analyst John Wolkonowicz says, referring to the auto maker’s plans for new volume models based on its global RWD platform developed by GM Holden Ltd. in Australia.

The new Camaro, which originally was shown at the 2005 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, is expected to appear later next year as an ’09 model, with the all-new RWD Impala taking form sometime early in the next decade. Revisions for future generations of the Corvette and Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra pickups are expected in the same timeframe, Wolkonowicz says.

By capitalizing on areas of significant improvement that remain untapped in its core engine lineup, while simultaneously amping up the arrival of its new hybrid-electric vehicles, clean diesels and hydrogen fuel cells, GM clearly is betting on an ever-fracturing market for advanced powertrains.

As a result, the iconic grumble of the small-block V-8 appears poised to remain a fixture of the automotive landscape for the foreseeable future.

- Justin

[Ian]

[Untamed]

Sounds awesome.

How prevalent are E85 gas stations? Is this a case of making an engine that forces an owner to drive 30 miles just to fill up?

[jims69camaro]

Originally Posted by Untamed

Sounds awesome.

How prevalent are E85 gas stations? Is this a case of making an engine that forces an owner to drive 30 miles just to fill up?

pretty much.

i almost bought an LPG car a while back, but couldn't find a public filling station near me. about a year ago, i remembered where i take my tanks for the grill and smacked myself in the forehead really hard.

until e85 hits a few more stations in my area, i won't consider it, even though it will run on plain gasoline, too.

[Tru2Chevy]

Yea, GM won't have any mainstream vehicle out that runs solely on E85 for quite a while. They just wouldn't sell any.....

Most of the newer stuff they have now is flex-fuel (runs on normal gas, or E85).

The direct injection part of this motor is what makes it so bad-***.....

- Justin

[j0n]

How does adding dished pistons increase the compression ratio?

cool **** nonetheless

[Tru2Chevy]

Just a small dish to make room for the injector. There are lots of other ways to bump up compression.

- Justin

[j0n]

yea i figured...but the way the article is written it's saying that the dished pistons are responsible for the increased compression ratio...which doesnt make much sense

[BonzoHansen]

Cought this on the DJ ticker...

EU Clears Penske Corp, GM To Form Automotive Joint Venture
09/04 5:48 am (ON)
Story 0215 EU Clears Penske Corp, GM To Form Automotive Joint Venture -2

The deal, announced by the companies in July, entails GM's purchase of a 50% stake in the Italian engine maker from Penske. The companies didn't disclose the financial terms of the deal.

The Detroit-based automaker plans to develop a diesel engine with VM Motori for the Cadillac CTS model in Europe in 2009.

-By Carolyn Henson and Mimosa Spencer, Dow Jones Newswires; +32 2 741 1487.

(END) Dow Jones Newswires
09 -04 -07 0618ET

Copyright (c) 2007 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.